The Sparrow - 1724 Words

The Sparrow, by Mary Doria Russell, is a story with so many odd and ironic twists that it can blind you from the philosophical ideas that Mary is really trying to throw out there. With a group of people traveling on an asteroid on the quest to learn about alien life, it seems more like an action packed science-fiction novel than a book with religious and moral issues. But Mary s incredible skills as a storyteller forces readers to truly tests their knowledge and beliefs. The main character, Emilio Sandoz, looks at the Stella Maris mission not only as a way to be the first to make contact with alien life forms, but also as a quest to find God, since in his eyes, this amazing journey must be God showing him his purpose. Sofia Mendes, who†¦show more content†¦The experiences that she has such as these puts so much frustration in her system that is steers her away from truly having full faith in God. Emilio Sandoz is Jesuit priest, desperately trying to find his way towards God. Being a Jesuit, he is the member of the Roman Catholic religious order or the Society of Jesus. He is part of the largest single religious order, devoted to the pope and ruled by its general who lives in Rome. Jesuit training can last for more than 15 years. They spend 2 years in spiritual training, after which he takes the simple vows of the regulars – chastity, poverty and obedience. Then as a scholastic, he spends 13 years and sometimes longer in study and teaching, completed by an additional year of spiritual training. Emilio felt that becoming a Jesuit would create some good in his life. Before his training, his beliefs about God weren t very concrete, but thought that after the many years of dedication, he would eventually believe. As a middle-aged man, however, it turned out that he still had doubts. â€Å"If he could not put his faith directly in God, who remained unknowable, he could place it in the structure of the Society and in his superiors – in D.W. Yarbrough and in Father General da Silva† (Russell 111). He lacked any kind of revelation within his life at the time that took his mind into a greater spiritual place. While reading the first half of the book, it is confusingShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Jack Sparrow s Pirates Of The Caribbean 1058 Words   |  5 Pagesin sheep’s clothing.† In this paper I will be analyzing Jack Sparrow in Pirates of the Caribbean and the many ways he cloaks himself to gain the likes of his peers while being the definition of a tri ckster on the inside. I will be discussing him via monomyth, as a trickster, and a cathartic and motivational hero. Jack Sparrow is a main character in the Pirates of the Caribbean series spanning four movies. Throughout the series, Sparrow goes on numerous journeys and faces a multitude of trials andRead MoreThe Parasites Infecting The Common House Sparrow2922 Words   |  12 Pagesinfluence of the Parasites infecting the common house sparrow (Passer domesticus) association in human in Khartoum State By Fatima El Ffatih El Aameen Ashiakh Baiker A Dissertation Submitted to the Department of Zoology in Partial Fulfillment for the Requirement of the Degree of B.Sc. (Honours) in Zoology University of Khartoum Faculty of Science Department of Zoology Fatima El fatih El ameen Ashiakh Baiker 5th year Abstract House sparrow (Passer domesticus) is closely associated with humanRead MoreA Little Sparrow1867 Words   |  8 Pagesit was later republished by Einaudi, one of the most important publishing companies in Italy, becoming a classic in Italian children literature. The story narrates the adventures of a little sparrow. It was inspired by Lodi’s pupils, who, as they were looking outside the window of their classroom, saw a sparrow brooding some eggs. They began to write a fictional account of it, accompanied by their own drawings of the different moments of the story. Lodi recalled in his diary that pupils were so excitedRead MoreMusical Analysis on Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Mans Chest1986 Words   |  8 Pagesfor Jack Sparrow’s compass. William Turner is sent off to find Jack Sparrow. He is reluctant to leave his future bride behind in prison, but it is his only chance to free her. Jack Sparrow is a cursed pirate. He has made a deal with Davy Jones, the captain of the Flying Dutchmen. If Davy Jones would raise the Black Pearl from the bottom of the ocean, Jack Sparrow had thirteen years to captain it. After thirteen years, Jack Sparrow must give Davy Jones his soul. It has been thirteen years, and DavyRead MoreA Pirate Played By Johnny Depp1208 Words   |  5 Pagesto the tricksters we have read about, Jack Sparrow a pirate played by Johnny Depp from a popular Walt Disney movie called Pirates and the Caribbean. Despite the differences between the trickster figures being from very different settings, these characters all very similar to each other. You may ask, how can you possibly relate or define Jack Sparrow as a trickster character? Well, Jack Sparrow embodies everything a trickster character should. Sparrow is very witty and often finds himself in dangerousRead MoreAnalysis Of Joe Sparrow s Death1167 Words   |  5 PagesJoe Sparrow came to us because he saw a concerning sight after ending his shift at City Mill. He says that before he left work he had â€Å"a few†, leaving his mind slightly intoxicated. Although he doesn’t remember what time he left work, but he did know that he left at a late time. As he was driving through Waiale, past 6th Avenue, he saw a scuffle at the side of the road. Because of his intoxication and the darkness he couldn’t identify the hair color or race of the victims or suspects. Sparrow, byRead MoreAnalysis Of William Shakespeare s Henry Iv 991 Words   |  4 PagesHal’s partner in crime. He is always looking for a good time while he eats, drinks, and pisses away all he can get his hands on. A more modern parallel would be the fiction character Captain Jack Sparrow from Pirates of the Caribbean. Both abuse any power or authority thrust upon them. While Jack Sparrow is obviously more fit and better at combat than Falstaff, both seem to enjoy the world of physical pleasures, including drinking the day away in a daze, stealing anything they deem as of high valueRead MoreImportance of the Gardens in The Sparrow Essay914 Words   |  4 PagesThe actual turning point in The Sparrow was when the Utra-Light crashed. However, it was of little interest. The importance of the novel lied within the gardens that were built. The garden the Jesuit mission planted served as the catalyst to the future demise of the group, and especially Emilio. Emilio not only had his body destroyed, but also his soul. The gardens caused a slaughter, an imprisonment, an eventual destruction of the survivors hands, another death, a rape, and a long period ofRead MoreThe Success of the Pirates of the Caribbean in Appealing to a Wide Audience646 Words   |  3 Pagesaction fit in together to make a fantastic family film witch draws you to watch it again and again. The hero’s and villains play an interesting part but the best part is played by Johnny Depp as the anti-hero captain Jack Sparrow. His cunning personality makes you grin as even in the face of death he’s laughing and making jokes. For example towards the end of the film when he is about to be hung he is laughing at the crimes he is about to be hung for. Read MoreYour Childs Emotional and Behavioral Development, by T. Berry Brazelton and Joshua D. Sparrow1329 Words   |  6 PagesIn Touchpoints: Your Child’s Emotional and Behavioral Development, by T. Berry Brazelton and Joshua D. Sparrow they created a research study of four children over four years, from three to six. This is where the book begins an introduction of the four â€Å"Brazelton babies† which are, Billy, Minnie, Marcy, and Tim. It lists numerous everyday situations that parents are bound to deal with, and instead of exploding handling it the Brazelton way. Touchpoints as the book explains in the introduction is a

The Importance Of Congress In Crafting American Foreign...

The President’s recent actions to send troops to Poland and Lithuania to defend our NATO allies has led to questions regarding the constitutionality of such action and the role congress plays in crafting American foreign policy. It is very important to understand these questions and the debates that surround them are not new to our nation. In fact, two of our nations most important founders, James Madison and Alexander Hamilton, debated the balance of congressional and presidential power in foreign affairs all the way back in 1793. Similarly, the need to defend our NATO allies is nothing new. As Russia looks to expand its â€Å"sphere of influence† and return to its Cold War Self; we must ensure that our military and our NATO allies have the†¦show more content†¦Since then, Congress has remained a strong supporter in the Organization. As you will recall, both the U.S House of Representatives and Senate have recently voted, with near unanimous approval, amendmen ts stating Congress’s support to the NATO alliance. President Trump’s actions where made in the spirit of Congress’s longstanding commitment. James Madison himself points out that,† The natural province of the executive magistrate is to execute laws†¦ (Pyle, Pious 58).† President Trump actions to send troops to Eastern Europe is an example of the President executing the law of the land, in this case the NATO treaty. The execution of the law was done as a defense mechanism against Russian aggression. President Trump’s actions where in the spirit of collective defense defined in NATO’s charter of which has been approved by Congress continuously. Hypothetically, if the President were to make an offensive move against Russia he would need the approval of Congress, because he would no longer be following the protocol for NATO’s collective defense. This would remain the case until a member of NATO invokes the mutual self-defense c lause of the NATO treaty (Article Five). Alexander Hamilton wrote during the Neutrality Debate of 1793, â€Å"If the Legislature have a right to make war on the one hand—it is on the other the duty of the Executive to preserve Peace till war is declared†¦ (Pyle,Show MoreRelatedEssay on Hamdi et al. v. Rumsfeld4706 Words   |  19 Pagesdefense of the abuses at Guantanamo Bay. In this case, four British citizens are suing Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld as well as a host of Army and Air Force Generals and policy apparatchiks for allegedly authorizing the use of torture in Afghanistan and Guantanamo Bay. The four were captured in Afghanistan, either by Americans or America’s ally, the Northern Alliance, and transported to Guantanamo Bay in Cuba where they were held for over two years. Their status there was not as enemy combatantRead More How the United States Must Handle China and Its Military in the 21st Century4404 Words   |  18 PagesThere is a delicate balancing act a country must be aware of when it is a military superpower. A superpower must exercise extreme care to protect their economic superiority, advance their foreign policies, and project their military might all while working to advance the global system. Enticing China to become a responsible pillar of the global system will be one of the greatest challenges of coming decades for the United States and the Western world-particularly since it appears for the moment ChinaRead MoreA Research Study On The United States Method Of Survey Research2772 Words   |  12 Pagestheir wartime work had been a long term investment for science: if scientists did not come out into the world of practical affairs now and then to show what they could do they could not expect the public to support their basic research† (184).The importance of historicizing survey research method during this time period is because it is here that â€Å"the branch had helped in showing government that the social science indeed had somethin g practical and useful to offer† (171). The assistance from the surveyRead MoreColonial Rule Of Independence And Independence10047 Words   |  41 Pagesfrom the colonial power’s control, why would a state decide to retain a colonial institution that is an important to the POGG of an independent state? I posit that states desire a final appellate court that is likely to uphold and legitimize the policies of the nation’s governing elite. The length and type of colonial rule influence the national governing elite’s decision about the final appellate court at independence. Some states that retain the right of appeal to an extraterritorial court at independenceRead MoreHuman Resource Management, Industrial Relations and Achieving Management Objectives11312 Words   |  46 Pagesof employment as well as in relation to working time and job functions have occurred as a result of such factors as heightened competition, rapid changes in products and processes an d the increasing importance of skills, quality and productivity. These factors have also had an impact on HRM policies and practices. In managing change, the key elements include employee involvement in effecting change, greater customer orientation, and ensuring that the skills of employees are appropriate to the productionRead MoreEthics and Politics6983 Words   |  28 Pageschallenging. In the government as a whole, agencies compete for significance in the national/international picture, because significance means public approval and that means resources. (The two dominant political parties also attempt to present the American public with different views of what is significant.) †¢ Because of scarce resources and enduring differences, conflict is central to organizational dynamics and power is the most important resource. Conflict is more likely in under-bounded systemsRead MoreEthics and Politics6991 Words   |  28 Pageschallenging. In the government as a whole, agencies compete for significance in the national/international picture, because significance means public approval and that means resources. (The two dominant political parties also attempt to present the American public with different views of what is significant.) †¢ Because of scarce resources and enduring differences, conflict is central to organizational dynamics and power is the most important resource. Conflict is more likely in under-bounded systemsRead MoreInternational Management67196 Words   |  269 PagesGoodshoot/PunchStock Media Project Manager: Balaji Sundararaman Compositor: Aptara ®, Inc. Typeface: 10/12 Times Roman Printer: Quad/Graphics All credits appearing on page or at the end of the book are considered to be an extension of the copyright page. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Luthans, Fred. International management : culture, strategy, and behavior / Fred Luthans, Jonathan P. Doh.—8th ed. p. cm. Rev. ed. of: International management / Richard M. Hodgetts, Fred Luthans, Jonathan Doh. 6thRead MoreEssay on Framing the User: Social Constructions of Marijuana Users9798 Words   |  40 Pageslegitimacy and outcomes of user movements. In truth in fact, this distinction is somewhat artificial since many movements have similar elements to deal with. For example, the Civil Rights movement, in part, hinged on the public perception of African Americans. If the public perceived them as lazy, criminal, or whatever, then this would likely influence the public perception of the Civil Rights movement as a whole. This brings up a fairly standard distinction between beneficiary and constituency (activist)Read MoreLecture Notes on Financial Planning7006 Words   |  29 PagesHedge o Hedger †¢ Interest rate o Risk free interest rate o Term structure of interest rates o interest o effective interest rate o nominal interest rate o interest rate basis o Fisher equation †¢ Crowding Out o annual percentage rate †¢ Investment o Foreign direct investment o Over-investing †¢ Leverage †¢ Locked-in value †¢ Long †¢ Liquidity †¢ Margin account †¢ Margin call †¢ Mark to future †¢ Mark to market †¢ Market Impact †¢ Medium of exchange †¢ Money †¢ coin o banknote o counterfeit †¢ Portfolio o Modern portfolio

Synthesis Paper on Gay Marriage - 1240 Words

Caroline Treinen Ms. Pajer English 101 Synthesis Essay Who are we to dictate who someone loves? The definition of love is the action that two people share. The definition does not say love only occurs between a man and a woman. The article, â€Å"Gay marriage proposals destructive to society, Vatican official says,† is an argument against gay marriage. The author, John Thavis, claims that homosexuals are just struggling to find themselves and that same-sex marriage disrupts the normal sexuality and fertility of a couple. In â€Å"Support for Homosexuals’ Civil Liberties†, Kristin Kenneavy discusses how religious outlooks influence a family’s beliefs on same sex marriage. The two articles show the different views on gay marriage by†¦show more content†¦In â€Å"Gay marriage proposals destructive to society, Vatican official says,† Cardinal Ratzinger asserts that â€Å"recent legislative proposals for gay marriage are part of a larger modern rupture between sexuality and fertility.† He is stating that gay marriage could destroy the status quo of marriage. He argues that normal marriage is a man and a woman uniting as one, not a man and a man or a woman and a woman. A man and a woman are meant to be together not only for physical purposes, but also for moral ones. There is no way that two men or two women could be together morally because it is not in the Bible. He states that homosexuals are considered people who are suffering and want to find their way, but making gay marriage legal doesn’t really help these people. Ratzinger said that â€Å"this is a trend that separates us from all the great culture of humanity, which have always recognized the particular significance of sexuality: that a man and a woman are created to jointly be the guarantee of the future of humanity.† On the other hand, in â€Å"Support for Homosexuals’ Civil Liberties†, the author states â€Å"traditional gender role attitudes and support for homosexu als’ civil liberties are found to negatively co-vary over time.† Religious attitudes differ in both their approaches to the roles of men and women in family settings and their approach towards homosexuality. The author explains that typical household is a male, whoShow MoreRelatedThe United States Of America s Long Tradition And Definition Of Manliness1686 Words   |  7 Pagesas James Jones once said to a Life interviewer.† (Theroux2). This is the foundation of why men act the way they do, it is why they are called men. Paul gives the idea that men are killing machines that always carry a knife, not a pen or a piece of paper; these men hunt and kill out in the wilderness or jungle not the office; and these men are the king of the animal kingdom. Although Paul deems those traits as being a man, he does not follow them. Paul Theroux’s personal key term of being manlyRead MoreThe Diversity Of Human Population2190 Words   |  9 Pagesthere has been an increase in cases of gay people in America, and the world over. Debate rages whether being gay is caused by hormones, genes, social and environmental factors or a combination of all these factors. Regardless of the cause, the general population is gradually accepting the gay community in the population (Katz, 2012). Although there is still a stigma associated with this particular minority group, studies show that it s more favorable being gay now than it was ten years ago. This essayRead More1. Bridggette Hambrick: Homosexuality And Racism. 10. Bridggette3544 Words   |  15 PagesBridggette Hambrick HR5013-110 January 27, 2017 OU Advanced Programs Abstract In this paper I am discussing the racial and prejudice issues of homosexuals. In the present day, homosexuals are being accepted in a better light than thirty years ago. Although, there are still racial slurs, non-acceptance issues, and violence that the homosexual communities are dealing with on a daily basis. In this paper I am discussing Lena. She is a lesbian trying to feel approval of the social world, and herRead MoreBiological Explanations of Homosexuality2341 Words   |  10 PagesBiological Explanations for Homosexuality Katherine Callan Opening This paper is aimed to address the question of whether homosexuality is biologically based. This topic is quite relevant today because homosexuality is a huge civil rights issue which is also conflicting with the church s moral standards. While many religious bodies claim that homosexuality is a choice and a sin, many in the homosexual community have strongly refuted that claim, instead saying they were born this way andRead MoreInstructive Text Types11631 Words   |  47 PagesContextual | Cognitive process | Descriptive | Phenomenon registering | Phenomena in space | Perceptions in space | Narrative | Action recording | Phenomena in time | Perceptions in time | Expository | Phenomenon identifying linking | Analysis\synthesis of concepts | Comprehension of concepts | Argumentative | Negative quality attributing | Relations between concepts | Judging | Instructive | Action demanding | Future behaviour | Planning | 1.5 Biber’s text types Biber’s typology(1989) isRead MoreMonsanto: Better Living Through Genetic Engineering96204 Words   |  385 Pagesi s ANALYSIS External environment General environment Industry environment Competitor environment Internal environment Statements of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats Alternatives Evaluations of alternatives Implementation SYNTHESIS In the analysis stage, you should ï ¬ rst analyse the general external environmental issues affecting the ï ¬ rm. Next, your environmental analysis should focus on the particular industry (or industries, in the case of a diversiï ¬ ed company) in whichRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesunderlying theoretical dimensions nor methodological approach to be employed. With the recognition of different approaches to organization theory, there is a widely perceived need to bring some order to the field. This textbook offers a well-integrated synthesis of approaches to organization theory. It will be welcomed by organization theory scholars and reflective practitioners and is a valuable companion for scholars and students of organization theory. Henk W. Volberda, Chair of the Department of StrategicRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesexploration of attitudes and values. 5. Student motivation is increased, especially in adult learners. xviii PREFACE 6. Students receive immediate feedback from their instructor and peers. 7. Students are involved in higher order thinking (analysis, synthesis, evaluation). Our goals in writing this book were to bridge the academic realm of theory and research and the organizational realm of effective practice, and to help students consistently translate proven principles from both realms into personalRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 PagesEdition Jones−George Driving Shareholder Value Morin−Jarrell Leadership, Fifth Edition Hughes−Ginnett−Curphy The Art of M A: Merger/Acquisitions/Buyout Guide, Third Edition Reed−Lajoux and others . . . This book was printed on recycled paper. Management http://www.mhhe.com/primis/online/ Copyright  ©2005 by The McGraw−Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publicationRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pageshave healthier, happier marriages) and the right (a traditional male working, wife at home family structure is best) are wrong. Still, this is a complex issue, and research on it continues. What about whether the husband works outside the home? Historically, this was quite unusual, but it is becoming increasingly common— wives are now the primary breadwinner in 22 percent of U.S. couples, up from 7 percent in 1970. There is some evidence that men are less healthy and marriages are more likely to fail

Foreignness Strategic Management Journal â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Foreignness Strategic Management Journal? Answer: Introduction Arnotts Biscuits Limited is the largest producer of biscuits in Australia. It is also the second largest snack food supplier in the country. Arnotts is a subsidiary of the Campbell Soup Company of the United States. The company was established in 1865 by William Arnott and operated under the family ownership until 1975. In 1997, the Campbell Soup Company acquired Arnotts in full. Despite the American ownership of the company, which led to considerable amount of controversy, as the Australians wanted the famous company to remain in Australian hands, the products of the company have not become Americanised and the manufacturing remains in Australia. The company is now known as Snacks Brands Australia. Arnotts has a wide range of products under its banner and variety of productsare sold by the company in the Australian market. From biscuits, candies, toffees, cakes, to breads, to ice creams and many more types of dessert, Arnotts virtually has existence in almost every market of every available type of dessert in Australia (Dunn 2014). Arnotts owns the top two brands in almost every segment of crackers, sweet biscuits and chocolate biscuits. The company and the product Arnotts is one of the biggest biscuits manufacturers in the world and is the biggest one in the country. The Arnotts umbrella consists of many sections and is the parent company of many brands that are very famous in the Australian biscuits market. Five factors have ensured the growth and of the company and also enables it to maintain the market hold in Australia. The company is focused on the core biscuit portfolio in the country: Arnotts have long exited from the sector of private labels, which yielded almost negligible profit margins. The entire snack food segment of the companys operations has been divested and the focus has been instead given to expanding other dessert food products or snacks that are healthier and organic. Peripheral operations of the company have been limited and a centralized operations management has been created so that every transaction and function of the company and as well as of the subsidiary brands can be monitored in a uniform manner (Bartrim 2017). Manufacturing has been given the highest importance in the company and the quality of the manufacturing process is hailed above all other operations of the company. Entire restructure of the management: Stranded overhead cost is a headache for every organisation that aims to operate within any sector and derive a certain amount of profit from it. The administration process of the company has been streamlined, so that every action and step is monitored and analysed before even being implemented. Sales and other attributes that boost sales are consolidated so that further expansion within the domestic market can be achieved. Route-to-Market warehouse system: The company deals in manufacturing and selling of such a product that has an expiry date. This requires the company to makes sure that none of its products are in consumable condition. The products becoming expired cannot be tolerated by the company and that makes them ensure that their warehouses are foolproof and no products are wasted (Hendrieet al. 2016). Growing core brands: Arnotts has focused all its resources to developing the core brands, as they are the original products and names that have helped the company its current position in the market. Marketing is boosted and widespread campaigns are done so that market exposure is enhanced even further. Promoting the trades of the company is another great strategy that increases transparency in the transactions and operations of the company, that creates a loyal customer base (Pulker, Scott and Pollard 2017). The packaging and merchandising of the products is done with creativity and new ways of delivering the products have helped the company to grow and maintain customer satisfaction, that in turn helps with increased sales, which, again, results in better profit margins. Investing in a pilot plant: This is a newly formed segment of the company where innovation is used efficiently to create new products or developing on the products that are already being produced and sold by Arnotts. Customers are at the heart of any business operations and the company understand that catering to their needs is the only way to stay ahead in the competition (Potter and Davis 2017). Constantly evolving with the changing customer needs and giving them more and new exciting flavors, textures and products is the only way to retain the loyalty of the customers. This pilot plant is where all the creative and innovative ideas are amalgamated and all the inputs are brought together to make something new to keep the excitement and sentiment of the customers alive. The Australian biscuit market is huge and is driven by fierce competition. For years, the parent company of Arnotts has been registering flat profit figures. After the successful implementation of the above described five strategies, it has finally managed to reach profit levels that are above the average market rates. The growing health consciousness of the Australians regarding consumption of snacks, and becoming more biased towards organic and healthy eating habits have rendered the market to experience a sudden slump in recent years (Friel, Barosh and Lawrence 2014). Sweet biscuits: the segment where Arnotts operates the most includes plain biscuits, cream biscuits and cookies. Arnotts has been trying to regain its market status by producing gluten-free, low sugar and low fat biscuits for the people who are serious about maintaining a good and healthy lifestyle. Arnotts have suffered a lot in a market, which experienced an overall degradation in 2013. Even though the market has b een able to recover from that momentary blow, the overall sales and profit levels have not been able to match its previous figures yet. Arnotts have successfully reported higher profit levels than their competition. The biggest reason for this drop in sales and profit can be attributed to a rise in health and lifestyle concern among the consumers. Even if this single incident may be cited aberration, the overall sales have been experiencing a downward result for spome time now. Tim tam has been the most successful launch of Arnotts till date. It has a huge appeal to the children as well as the grownups, who enjoy a sweet comfort food that reminds them of their childhood and has emotional attachment to it. This single product is the only reason for the company to retain its advantageous position in a market that is currently going through a slump. To maintain and increase their sales, Arnotts has gone beyond the simple chocolate selling business strategies and have tried to offer the customers with more products than their peers and competition. Recipes are invented by Arnotts that use Tim Tams as an ingredient and more desserts are offered alongside the traditional candies, chocolate bars, biscuits, chocolates and cakes. Breads are also produced by the company which has given them significant existence in the bread market as well. Over the last five years Arnotts have been experiencing a slowdown, along with the entire market sector, but Tim Tam sales itsel f has seen increase. This can be widely attributed to the fact that the company has invested a lot of money, time and creativity in the campaign and promotion of this product. Therefore, deciding on this product to be the product that is to be introduced to the British market, as new expansion strategy, was the obvious choice. Country and product market attractiveness The United Kingdom is one of the biggest economies in the world and has a huge opportunity in the specific sector of chocolate where Arnotts wants to penetrate. To understand the condition of the overall UK market, a PEST analysis is to be performed upon the entire country, to understand the conditions that are currently prevailing in the country and what possible strategies can be adopted by Arnotts to ensure maximum exposure and sales. Macro environmental analysis: The success of an organisation is determined by the factors that operate within the internal and external environments. An organisation can try to become more successful by efficiently utilizing these factors to its advantage by adapting to the environment to manipulate the factors. An organisation, which is successful in the market can not only use these factors and manipulate them, but also have certain degrees of predictability powers, which help to forecast imminent change. This ability can be of tremendous help for organisations as this can aid in preparing for the change by changing its strategies. The macro environment refers to the outer and external environment in which the organisation operates, effectively meaning the industry and the general condition of the country, which the organisation cannot control as a single entity but have some degree of impact when it is a part of the greater industry as a whole. Micro environment comprises of the internal factors, which are directly controlled by the organisation. The internal operations, manufacturing, service providing, processing all are the factors that are controllable by the organisation. PEST Analysis A PEST analysis is a tool that is used by organisations to understand the prevailing macro environ mental conditions within the country it is operating. Since the economic, political and social conditions and outlooks vary for each country, each country also offers a unique condition for every industry, which is a big point of concern for the organisations that run operations across different countries. The PEST analysis is a simple take on an organisations political, economic, social and technological environments, within which it exists and functions. Legal and environmental factors and conditions are also part of the PEST analysis. Political: The political framework of the country is a constitutional monarchy. A parliamentary system governs the functions of the government, which makes the country is fair and stable, having a lot of opportunities for the entities that operate within the country. The country is normally thought to be as a stable one, where the citizens have a control over its inner functioning. Being split into national and local administrations, it is easier to maintain a cohesion among all the operations of the government, as well as individuals and organisations. However, the government is not devoid of corruption, which are widely known, yet not talked about. The massive political dilemma over the decision of whether to stay in the European Union (EU) or not is taking a significant toll on almost all activities of the country. Even so, the UK is one of the most successful countries where rule of law is established. Economic: The economic condition of the UK is also very stable and has the fifth highest Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in the world. Before the economic slump of the 2007-08, the country was registering a steady GDP growth rate. Even after the depression, the country is gradually coming out of the slow economic growth, however, most of this economic reestablishment is centered around London and the south east. The southern part of the country has traditionally offered services, while the north was more dependent on industrial sectors. This new economic outlook is reflecting the decrease in the importance in the industry sector, which may hamper economic strength in the long run. Interest rates are also regulated by the Bank of England, which also keeps the inflation rates under control. However, lower oil prices play its part and inflation rate do reach almost 4% at times, but is quickly subdued again. The countrys inflation rate has been significantly lower than the overall inflation rates of the EU. Despite all of these economic hope, the pound has still lost its value to some extent, which severely affected the economic condition and transaction of the country in the international market. Social: The UK has very high social standards. These high standards help to keep the overall environment and circumstances in a better than average position as compared to many other first world countries. Services like the National Health Services being free of cost let the society and community to focus their time on other issues. This also helps to keep the overall health quality of the citizens to be better, ensuring more productivity in all sectors. A lot of population also means that there is an abundance of skilled labours. The country has flexible migration laws, which enrich the society in a cultural way, as well as provides with cheap labours. The country ensures a basic education for all its people, and the education system is of very high standards. Better education leads to better workforce. The standard of living in the UK is exceptionally high and has surpassed that of the United States of America recently, after almost a century. Still, the country is burdened with in come disparity and faces challenges in overcoming them. Child poverty is still a major issue in the country and the government struggles to rid the country of this pressing issue. Technology: The UK has a wide range of technology available to help the citizens live a good life and also increase the industrial production and the betterment of the services sector is also achieved. Science and IT sector has seen remarkable expansion; thagt helps in increasing quality of every aspect of life. The country has stringent and effective laws regarding intellectual property rights. The country also has high level of competition among the industries inside the country, which helps to boost growth and specialisation is ensured. The British market of the product The British market offers a diverse and huge for sweet biscuits which is the primary product offered by Arnotts. the combination of either tea or coffee is consumed by almost every British coupled with biscuits almost everyday. The market is supposed to grow almost by 5.6 billion in the next financial year. The biscuit industry, hence, looks to be pretty solid in terms of sales and overall performance. Throughout the recession, when the entire global economic conditions faced meltdowns, the British people never stopped buying biscuits, as it is their daily need. This helped the UK biscuit market to sustain itself better than most other industries of the world. Although this ritualistic nature to buy sweet biscuits have stayed relevant for the people of the UK, the rising health concerns here has also slowed down the industry (Fuller 2016.). However, emotions and sentiments seem to have prevailed and the biscuit sales have been steady. Iconic brands like McVities, Jacobs, Hob Nobs all have good market shares and make sure that the industry will not be facing any immediate problem right away (LEONGet al., 2017). However, these same reasons are why Arnotts will face a problem: The British seem to prefer their own products more than any foreign ones, and the company has to innovate and accordingly market or promote their Tim Tams that would efficiently appeal to the customers in the same way as their local products do. Strategies to penetrate the market Arnotts is going to adopt a number of strategies that are currently used in the backdrop of operating in the Australian market, but may prove to be essential for the UK market. Arnotts has focused a lot of its resources and operations towards online retailing of their products. The company is not satisfied with only supplying their original product to the market, but also aims to provide the British consumers with every product they have in their catalogue (Ng and Shukor 2016). This will no doubt take time and a lot of hard work is to be expected, but Arnotts is sure about yielding a positive result from this. The UK is experiencing an increase in the demand for coffee, and in recent times, there has been a remarkable growth in the number of coffee shops in the country. Arnotts aims to exploit this aspect would expand their business in the coffee chain in the United Kingdom, in a joint venture with Coffex. This would ensure even higher sales for Arnotts Tim Tams and new business opportunities for the company as awell. The retail chains would be supplying new flavors of coffee and would use the products of Arnotts as ingredients. The shops would be offering the customers an enriched coffee drinking experience, which they hope would increase customer satisfaction. In a time when coffee boutiques are setting a new trend in the country, Arnotts has high hopes about their new business venture. Competition in the market and other aspects The market of the UK is high and there are many companies which have been selling chocolate in the country for a long period of time. This would seem like a disadvantageous position for the company as it is a newcomer and do not have enough practical experiences of operating in the British market, which would entail a lot of new planning and strategizing on Arnotts part (Lindberg, Nichols and Yam, 2017). The exit of the country from the EU would pose some obvious problems regarding the tariff laws and export import policy. However, Australia hopes that this would not affect much for their foreign trade with England, as they had similar trading regulations with country before, which are now being considered to be implemented with the new trade laws between the United Kingdom and the European Union. Most of the companies in the UK use online retail shops extensively to reach their customers and increase their sales along with physical shops. Arnotts would be investing a lot in their online retail shop creation which would enable the customers to avail their products in similar fashion in which they are already used to. Similarities between Australia and the UK The Australian and British cultures have some obvious similarities between them, both being first world countries and somewhat of a similar way of thinking. The socio-political and economic conditions are also not very dissimilar in the two countries. This would give Arnotts some basic advantage in planning their strategies. The citizens of both the countries enjoy their desserts and sweet biscuits are a big part of both countrys culinary traditions (Daltonet al. 2014). These aspects would help Arnotts to use the general preference and food habits of the people of the UK to be used to their own advantage. SWOT Analysis Arnott's Biscuits Limited is a company that has been established in the year 1865 and has a long legacy of goodwill and high quality products and this serves as the biggest strength of the company. The popularity, brand value associated with the organization makes customers comes back to the products that the company has to offer. The company over the years has developed and has come up with innovative flavors and taste of biscuits. This plethora of choice caters to the taste buds of almost everyone. The image of the company promotes togetherness, innocence and fun time. The organization is regarded as the biggest producer of biscuits and the second-largest supplier of snack items in Australia. This adds to the popularity of the brand and the availability of the products everywhere in the market. The manufacturing units of the organization are top notch with technologically advanced machinery that allows mass production. It serves as strength as it provides the company allowance to make the products available to the target market at the right time. Tim-Tam is one of the notable brands of the company, it is a fun product and the high quality and reasonable price of the item add to the benefit and the popularity of the brand. The company has a lot of opportunity to expand in Britain as an established brand in Australia it has means and resources to expand in the Britain market as well. The British market is a good place for the company as it has a lot of options in terms of customer segmentation, innovation in the flavor etc (Khan et al. 2015). Weakness The company has a small market share in the international market which is a problem as the industry in which the company operates has a tough competition. Opportunities There are a lot of opportunities in the international market, as the company has good resources to expand the business. The food and beverage industry is booming as people are enjoying diversified and unique flavors in terms of bakery items like biscuits. The demand for biscuit as a snack is also high and a popular brand like Arnotts should use this opportunity. The company does not have cookies or brownies as the product option and this is a space that can be fulfilled by the resources that the company already has The British are a new consumer that would mean that the company has an opportunity to create new and innovative flavors for the British market. Threat The food and beverage industry has a tough competition in the international market, Kraft food limited is the biggest competitions to the company the profile of the two companies are almost alike and people usually interchange the products of these companies (Rothaermel 2015) Entry Strategy Tim Tam will enter the UK market and the company will directly export the product from Australia. Arnott will directly export the product via UK intermediary. These intermediaries will act as the middleman in the company. These intermediaries will also have to control the sales and interact with the client directly. Arnott will be benefited to a large extent if it chooses direct exporting via intermediaries and this will also increase the profit level of the company (Ulrich et al. 2014). It is also important for Arnott to know the customers and then choose the foreign market expansion strategy. In such a case, the customers also provide direct feedback on the product and the performance of the product in the market place which will be beneficial to the company. As the people of UK prefer bakery items to a large extent, Tim Tam will earn a huge profit and it will be preferred by a large number of customers (Marx et al.2014). The intermediaries in the UK market purchase the product fro m the company directly and then they sell it to the customers. The intermediaries in UK set the selling price of Tim Tam and they assure the buyers about the product. They also provide the after sales service in the UK market. Arnott is also trying to link to various global chains by outsourcing the products to UK and this will also help the business to compete in the global level (Constantinides 2014). Arnott will be in profitable stage if it chooses direct export via franchise because the intermediaries can sell the product at a much lower price and it will also help the company to compete with the other leading companies. This will also help Arnott to develop personal relationship with the customers (Hohenthal et al. 2014). Arnott will also establish a sales program and thus will help the intermediaries to represent the company in the future. The intermediaries and the company will work closely in representing the interest of the customers. The customers are regarded as the main agents of the company and thus it is important that the intermediaries are handled in a better way. The home based country of Tim Tam i.e. Australia will be in a much advantageous position and it will also reduce the risk of the company. The risk will be borne by the intermediaries when it sells its products in UK. Arnott will also be in potential risk if it operates in oversees market without nay intermediaries (Musso and Francioni 2014). Marketing Mix The product of Arnott i.e. Tim Tam is preferred by a large number of customers. Tin Tam is available in different flavors such as white chocolate, dark chocolate mint, dark chocolate, honeycomb and chocolate orange. The chocolate flavor of Tim Tam is preferred by a large number of customers and it is flavored by varieties of alcoholic liquors. The biscuit sandwiches of Tim Tam are manufactured in Indonesia. The cheese flavor of Tim Tam is also preferred by a large number of customers. The limited edition of Tim Tam was also launched in the Australian market in 2014 in different flavors such as choc brownie, salted caramel, raspberry white choc. The company also launched the peanut butter Tim Tam and the company has earned a large number of profits through this flavor (Zhou and Guilln 2015). Price Tim Tam is available in available to the customers in an affordable rate. The company launched different flavors of Tim Tam in different sizes and they are available to the customers at an attractive price. Tim Tam is also offered at a discounted price to the customers. The product is available in Woolworths and Coles and the company is trying to resist the prices of Tim Tam and other products of Arnott from rapid price hike (Keiningham et al. 2017). Place Tim Tam is available in different supermarkets as well as in retail stores. The company has chosen many distributors all over the world and it is also trying to expand in the UK market. Arnott is also trying to increase its supply chain when the other companies have increased the price of the product which is similar to Tim Tam. Arnott has set up bakeries for different products in different places in the entire Australian and the company is expanding rapidly in the global market (Sandberg 2013). 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